Articles | Volume 4, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-189-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-189-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
08 Apr 2021
Research article |
| 08 Apr 2021
| 08 Apr 2021
Schools of all backgrounds can do physics research – on the accessibility and equity of the Physics Research in School Environments (PRiSE) approach to independent research projects
Martin O. Archer
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London,
London, UK
now at: Space and Atmospheric Physics, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
Related authors
Niklas Grimmich, Adrian Pöppelwerth, Martin Owain Archer, David Gary Sibeck, Ferdinand Plaschke, Wenli Mo, Vicki Toy-Edens, Drew Lawson Turner, Hyangpyo Kim, and Rumi Nakamura
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2956, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2956, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The boundary of Earth's magnetic field, the magnetopause, deflects and reacts to the solar wind - the energetic particles emanating from the Sun. We find that certain types of solar wind favour the occurrence of deviations between the magnetopause locations observed by spacecraft and those predicted by models. In addition, the turbulent region in front of the magnetopause, the foreshock, has a large influence on the location of the magnetopause and thus on the accuracy of the model predictions.
Niklas Grimmich, Ferdinand Plaschke, Benjamin Grison, Fabio Prencipe, Christophe Philippe Escoubet, Martin Owain Archer, Ovidiu Dragos Constantinescu, Stein Haaland, Rumi Nakamura, David Gary Sibeck, Fabien Darrouzet, Mykhaylo Hayosh, and Romain Maggiolo
Ann. Geophys., 42, 371–394, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-42-371-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-42-371-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In our study, we looked at the boundary between the Earth's magnetic field and the interplanetary magnetic field emitted by the Sun, called the magnetopause. While other studies focus on the magnetopause motion near Earth's Equator, we have studied it in polar regions. The motion of the magnetopause is faster towards the Earth than towards the Sun. We also found that the occurrence of unusual magnetopause locations is due to similar solar influences in the equatorial and polar regions.
Martin O. Archer, Cara L. Waters, Shafiat Dewan, Simon Foster, and Antonio Portas
Geosci. Commun., 5, 119–123, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-5-119-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-5-119-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Educational research highlights that improved careers education is needed to increase participation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Current UK careers resources in the space sector, however, are found to perhaps not best reflect the diversity of roles present and may in fact perpetuate misconceptions about the usefulness of science. We, therefore, compile a more diverse set of space-related jobs, which will be used in the development of a new space careers resource.
Martin O. Archer, Jennifer DeWitt, Charlotte Thorley, and Olivia Keenan
Geosci. Commun., 4, 147–168, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-147-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-147-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We explore how best to support school students to experience undertaking research-level physics by evaluating provision in the PRiSE framework of
research in schoolsprojects. These experiences are received by students and teachers much more positively than typical forms of outreach. The intensive support offered is deemed necessary, with all elements appearing equally important. We suggest the framework could be adopted at other institutions applied to their own areas of scientific research.
Martin O. Archer and Jennifer DeWitt
Geosci. Commun., 4, 169–188, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-169-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-169-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The impacts upon a diverse range of students, teachers, and schools from participating in a programme of protracted university-mentored projects based on cutting-edge physics research are assessed. The lasting impacts on confidence, skills, aspirations, and practice suggest that similar
research in schoolsinitiatives may have a role to play in aiding the increased uptake and diversity of physics/STEM in higher education as well as meaningfully enhancing the STEM environment within schools.
Martin O. Archer, Natt Day, and Sarah Barnes
Geosci. Commun., 4, 57–67, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-57-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-57-2021, 2021
Short summary
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We show that integrating evaluation tools both before and after a drop-in engagement activity enables the demonstration of change and, thus, short-term impact. In our case, young families who listened to space sounds exhibited changed language and conceptions about space in their graffiti wall responses afterwards, exemplifying the power of sound in science communication. We suggest that evaluation tools be adopted both before and after drop-in activities in general.
Martin O. Archer
Geosci. Commun., 3, 147–166, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-3-147-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-3-147-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Space Sound Effects Short Film Festival integrated near-Earth space environment research into culture through independent film. By running a film festival challenging filmmakers to incorporate the sounds of space, creative works were produced which have gone on to be screened at numerous established film festivals and events internationally. These events introduced non-science audiences to this area of research which affects their everyday lives, having several unanticipated impacts on them.
Minna Palmroth, Heli Hietala, Ferdinand Plaschke, Martin Archer, Tomas Karlsson, Xóchitl Blanco-Cano, David Sibeck, Primož Kajdič, Urs Ganse, Yann Pfau-Kempf, Markus Battarbee, and Lucile Turc
Ann. Geophys., 36, 1171–1182, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-1171-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-1171-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Magnetosheath jets are high-velocity plasma structures that are commonly observed within the Earth's magnetosheath. Previously, they have mainly been investigated with spacecraft observations, which do not allow us to infer their spatial sizes, temporal evolution, or origin. This paper shows for the first time their dimensions, evolution, and origins within a simulation whose dimensions are directly comparable to the Earth's magnetosphere. The results are compared to previous observations.
Tomas Karlsson, Ferdinand Plaschke, Heli Hietala, Martin Archer, Xóchitl Blanco-Cano, Primož Kajdič, Per-Arne Lindqvist, Göran Marklund, and Daniel J. Gershman
Ann. Geophys., 36, 655–677, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-655-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-655-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We have studied fast plasma jets outside of Earth’s magnetic environment. Such jets are small-scale structures with a limited lifetime, which may be important in determining the properties of the near-Earth space environment, due to their concentrated kinetic energy. We have used data from the NASA Magnetospheric MultiScale (MMS) satellites to study their properties in detail, to understand how these jets are formed. We have found evidence that there are at least two different types of jets.
M. O. Archer, T. S. Horbury, P. Brown, J. P. Eastwood, T. M. Oddy, B. J. Whiteside, and J. G. Sample
Ann. Geophys., 33, 725–735, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-725-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-725-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The first in-flight results from a new design of miniaturised magnetometer (MAGIC - MAGnetometer from Imperial College), aboard the first CINEMA (Cubesat for Ions, Neutrals, Electrons and MAgnetic fields) spacecraft in low Earth orbit, are presented. Not only can this sensor be used for determining attitude, but it is also able to detect the extremely small (20-40 nT) magnetic field signatures of field-aligned currents at the auroral oval. Thus, there are science capabilities with such sensors.
M. O. Archer and T. S. Horbury
Ann. Geophys., 31, 319–331, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-31-319-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-31-319-2013, 2013
Niklas Grimmich, Adrian Pöppelwerth, Martin Owain Archer, David Gary Sibeck, Ferdinand Plaschke, Wenli Mo, Vicki Toy-Edens, Drew Lawson Turner, Hyangpyo Kim, and Rumi Nakamura
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2956, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2956, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The boundary of Earth's magnetic field, the magnetopause, deflects and reacts to the solar wind - the energetic particles emanating from the Sun. We find that certain types of solar wind favour the occurrence of deviations between the magnetopause locations observed by spacecraft and those predicted by models. In addition, the turbulent region in front of the magnetopause, the foreshock, has a large influence on the location of the magnetopause and thus on the accuracy of the model predictions.
Niklas Grimmich, Ferdinand Plaschke, Benjamin Grison, Fabio Prencipe, Christophe Philippe Escoubet, Martin Owain Archer, Ovidiu Dragos Constantinescu, Stein Haaland, Rumi Nakamura, David Gary Sibeck, Fabien Darrouzet, Mykhaylo Hayosh, and Romain Maggiolo
Ann. Geophys., 42, 371–394, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-42-371-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-42-371-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In our study, we looked at the boundary between the Earth's magnetic field and the interplanetary magnetic field emitted by the Sun, called the magnetopause. While other studies focus on the magnetopause motion near Earth's Equator, we have studied it in polar regions. The motion of the magnetopause is faster towards the Earth than towards the Sun. We also found that the occurrence of unusual magnetopause locations is due to similar solar influences in the equatorial and polar regions.
Martin O. Archer, Cara L. Waters, Shafiat Dewan, Simon Foster, and Antonio Portas
Geosci. Commun., 5, 119–123, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-5-119-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-5-119-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Educational research highlights that improved careers education is needed to increase participation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Current UK careers resources in the space sector, however, are found to perhaps not best reflect the diversity of roles present and may in fact perpetuate misconceptions about the usefulness of science. We, therefore, compile a more diverse set of space-related jobs, which will be used in the development of a new space careers resource.
Martin O. Archer, Jennifer DeWitt, Charlotte Thorley, and Olivia Keenan
Geosci. Commun., 4, 147–168, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-147-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-147-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We explore how best to support school students to experience undertaking research-level physics by evaluating provision in the PRiSE framework of
research in schoolsprojects. These experiences are received by students and teachers much more positively than typical forms of outreach. The intensive support offered is deemed necessary, with all elements appearing equally important. We suggest the framework could be adopted at other institutions applied to their own areas of scientific research.
Martin O. Archer and Jennifer DeWitt
Geosci. Commun., 4, 169–188, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-169-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-169-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The impacts upon a diverse range of students, teachers, and schools from participating in a programme of protracted university-mentored projects based on cutting-edge physics research are assessed. The lasting impacts on confidence, skills, aspirations, and practice suggest that similar
research in schoolsinitiatives may have a role to play in aiding the increased uptake and diversity of physics/STEM in higher education as well as meaningfully enhancing the STEM environment within schools.
Martin O. Archer, Natt Day, and Sarah Barnes
Geosci. Commun., 4, 57–67, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-57-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-57-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We show that integrating evaluation tools both before and after a drop-in engagement activity enables the demonstration of change and, thus, short-term impact. In our case, young families who listened to space sounds exhibited changed language and conceptions about space in their graffiti wall responses afterwards, exemplifying the power of sound in science communication. We suggest that evaluation tools be adopted both before and after drop-in activities in general.
Martin O. Archer
Geosci. Commun., 3, 147–166, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-3-147-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-3-147-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Space Sound Effects Short Film Festival integrated near-Earth space environment research into culture through independent film. By running a film festival challenging filmmakers to incorporate the sounds of space, creative works were produced which have gone on to be screened at numerous established film festivals and events internationally. These events introduced non-science audiences to this area of research which affects their everyday lives, having several unanticipated impacts on them.
Minna Palmroth, Heli Hietala, Ferdinand Plaschke, Martin Archer, Tomas Karlsson, Xóchitl Blanco-Cano, David Sibeck, Primož Kajdič, Urs Ganse, Yann Pfau-Kempf, Markus Battarbee, and Lucile Turc
Ann. Geophys., 36, 1171–1182, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-1171-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-1171-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Magnetosheath jets are high-velocity plasma structures that are commonly observed within the Earth's magnetosheath. Previously, they have mainly been investigated with spacecraft observations, which do not allow us to infer their spatial sizes, temporal evolution, or origin. This paper shows for the first time their dimensions, evolution, and origins within a simulation whose dimensions are directly comparable to the Earth's magnetosphere. The results are compared to previous observations.
Tomas Karlsson, Ferdinand Plaschke, Heli Hietala, Martin Archer, Xóchitl Blanco-Cano, Primož Kajdič, Per-Arne Lindqvist, Göran Marklund, and Daniel J. Gershman
Ann. Geophys., 36, 655–677, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-655-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-655-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We have studied fast plasma jets outside of Earth’s magnetic environment. Such jets are small-scale structures with a limited lifetime, which may be important in determining the properties of the near-Earth space environment, due to their concentrated kinetic energy. We have used data from the NASA Magnetospheric MultiScale (MMS) satellites to study their properties in detail, to understand how these jets are formed. We have found evidence that there are at least two different types of jets.
M. O. Archer, T. S. Horbury, P. Brown, J. P. Eastwood, T. M. Oddy, B. J. Whiteside, and J. G. Sample
Ann. Geophys., 33, 725–735, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-725-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-725-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The first in-flight results from a new design of miniaturised magnetometer (MAGIC - MAGnetometer from Imperial College), aboard the first CINEMA (Cubesat for Ions, Neutrals, Electrons and MAgnetic fields) spacecraft in low Earth orbit, are presented. Not only can this sensor be used for determining attitude, but it is also able to detect the extremely small (20-40 nT) magnetic field signatures of field-aligned currents at the auroral oval. Thus, there are science capabilities with such sensors.
M. O. Archer and T. S. Horbury
Ann. Geophys., 31, 319–331, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-31-319-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-31-319-2013, 2013
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Task Processor
Task Meaning. The themes involved in the
Task Processwere
Identification of significant information,
Distillation of informationand
Metamorphosis of text, while the themes related to
Task Meaningwere made up of
Enjoyable,
Challenging(which has sub-themes
Frustratingand
Restricted) and
Valuable.
Martin O. Archer, Cara L. Waters, Shafiat Dewan, Simon Foster, and Antonio Portas
Geosci. Commun., 5, 119–123, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-5-119-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-5-119-2022, 2022
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Educational research highlights that improved careers education is needed to increase participation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Current UK careers resources in the space sector, however, are found to perhaps not best reflect the diversity of roles present and may in fact perpetuate misconceptions about the usefulness of science. We, therefore, compile a more diverse set of space-related jobs, which will be used in the development of a new space careers resource.
Sharon Bywater-Reyes and Beth Pratt-Sitaula
Geosci. Commun., 5, 101–117, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-5-101-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-5-101-2022, 2022
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This paper outlines educational materials appropriate to teach upper division or graduate-level geoscience students how to produce and interpret high-resolution topography data. In a remote implementation, students were able to independently generate high-resolution topographic data products that can be used for interpreting hazards such as landsliding and flooding. Students met course learning outcomes while learning marketable skills used within environmental jobs or research settings.
Nicolas C. Barth, Greg M. Stock, and Kinnari Atit
Geosci. Commun., 5, 17–28, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-5-17-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-5-17-2022, 2022
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Madeline S. Marshall and Melinda C. Higley
Geosci. Commun., 4, 461–474, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-461-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-461-2021, 2021
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We created a virtual field trip (VFT) to Grand Ledge, a regionally important suite of outcrops in Michigan, USA. There is a wide range of sedimentary and stratigraphic features encompassed in this locality, making it ideal for a comprehensive virtual field experience. The VFT undertakes all stages of a field project: students investigate outcrops and samples at multiple scales, and students report successfully learning how to interpret complex sedimentary environments
like a real geologist.
Kevin H. Mahan, Michael G. Frothingham, and Ellen Alexander
Geosci. Commun., 4, 421–435, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-421-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-421-2021, 2021
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We describe a virtual education module that encompasses many of the basic requirements of an advanced field exercise, including designing data collection strategies, synthesizing field and laboratory data, and communicating the results. Modules like the one shared here can successfully address some of the key learning objectives that are common to field-based capstone experiences while also fostering a more accessible and inclusive learning environment for all students.
Niki Evelpidou, Anna Karkani, Giannis Saitis, and Evangelos Spyrou
Geosci. Commun., 4, 351–360, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-351-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-351-2021, 2021
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Field trips, despite their significance in students' education, cannot be performed under the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we evaluate virtual field trips, as an alternative to in situ field work and as a means of preparation for live field trips, considering students' views. They are useful for geoscience students and a good alternative during restriction periods; although they can't substitute real field trips, they can be a valuable additional tool when preparing for a live field trip.
Rachel Bosch
Geosci. Commun., 4, 329–349, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-329-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-329-2021, 2021
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In order to communicate the field-rich, complex concepts of karst geomorphology and hydrogeology to people who may not be able to access in-person field experiences, two virtual learning resources were created. Both karst activities, introductory and advanced, are available online in the Science Education Resource Center (SERC) Online Field Experiences repository. These and other activities from that SERC repository were incorporated into virtual capstone pathways for senior undergrad students.
Solmaz Mohadjer, Sebastian G. Mutz, Matthew Kemp, Sophie J. Gill, Anatoly Ischuk, and Todd A. Ehlers
Geosci. Commun., 4, 281–295, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-281-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-281-2021, 2021
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Lack of access to science-based natural hazards information impedes the effectiveness of school-based disaster risk reduction education. To address this challenge, we created and classroom tested a series of earthquake education videos that were co-taught by school teachers and Earth scientists in the UK and Tajikistan. Comparison of the results reveals significant differences between students' views on the Earth's interior and why and where earthquakes occur.
Martin O. Archer, Jennifer DeWitt, Charlotte Thorley, and Olivia Keenan
Geosci. Commun., 4, 147–168, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-147-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-147-2021, 2021
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We explore how best to support school students to experience undertaking research-level physics by evaluating provision in the PRiSE framework of
research in schoolsprojects. These experiences are received by students and teachers much more positively than typical forms of outreach. The intensive support offered is deemed necessary, with all elements appearing equally important. We suggest the framework could be adopted at other institutions applied to their own areas of scientific research.
Adam J. Jeffery, Steven L. Rogers, Kelly L. A. Jeffery, and Luke Hobson
Geosci. Commun., 4, 95–110, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-95-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-95-2021, 2021
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We investigate the potential use of Thinglink, an interactive imagery-based web platform, for the study of rocks, minerals, and fossils under the microscope. We disseminated a prototype which allowed users to view rock samples through a "virtual" microscope and gathered feedback from staff and students. Results were overwhelmingly positive and imply real interest in this style of resource. Such resources could help to enhance accessibility and inclusivity and could complement existing teaching.
Edward G. McGowan and Jazmin P. Scarlett
Geosci. Commun., 4, 11–31, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-11-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-11-2021, 2021
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Results from reviewing 15 popular video games demonstrate a combination of accuracies and inaccuracies that could impact on people’s self-learning of volcanoes. Several volcanic features are represented to varying degrees of accuracy (stratovolcanoes and calderas, lava flows, volcanic ash, and lava bombs), whereas health risks are often inaccurate. Suggested applications of the findings for educational environments are given, such as group projects in open-world games.
Jean-Luc Berenguer, Julien Balestra, Fabrice Jouffray, Fabrice Mourau, Françoise Courboulex, and Jean Virieux
Geosci. Commun., 3, 475–481, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-3-475-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-3-475-2020, 2020
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An educational program, focusing on seismological activities at schools and on raising citizen awareness of natural hazards, has been active in France since 1995. Over this quarter century, different generations of students have learned various lessons concerning instrument installation, data recording, and analysis. Analysis of earthquakes has generated a strong awareness of the seismic hazard, especially after the deployment of seismometers at schools.
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Short summary
An evaluation of the accessibility and equity of a programme of independent research projects shows that, with the right support from both teachers and active researchers, schools' ability to succeed at undertaking cutting-edge research appears independent of typical societal inequalities.
An evaluation of the accessibility and equity of a programme of independent research projects...
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