Articles | Volume 5, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-5-227-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-5-227-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
20 Jul 2022
Research article |
| 20 Jul 2022
| 20 Jul 2022
Virtual field trips utilizing virtual outcrop: construction, delivery and implications for the future
Jessica H. Pugsley
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, King's College, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK
John A. Howell
School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, King's College, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK
Adrian Hartley
School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, King's College, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK
Simon J. Buckley
Norwegian Research Centre (NORCE), P.O. Box 22, Nygårdstangen, 5838 Bergen, Norway
Rachel Brackenridge
School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, King's College, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK
Nicholas Schofield
School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, King's College, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK
Gail Maxwell
School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, King's College, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK
Magda Chmielewska
School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, King's College, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK
Kari Ringdal
Norwegian Research Centre (NORCE), P.O. Box 22, Nygårdstangen, 5838 Bergen, Norway
Nicole Naumann
Norwegian Research Centre (NORCE), P.O. Box 22, Nygårdstangen, 5838 Bergen, Norway
Joris Vanbiervliet
Norwegian Research Centre (NORCE), P.O. Box 22, Nygårdstangen, 5838 Bergen, Norway
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Total article views: 3,877 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
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Total article views: 1,654 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
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Cited
25 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Virtual field trips: an analysis of their characteristics, elements, and approaches S. Sprenger et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/03098265.2025.2560326
- The implementation of a virtual field trip to aid geological interpretation within an undergraduate volcanology course A. Watson et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/10899995.2023.2279016
- Integrating Virtual Reality Into a Structural Geology Curriculum: Two Longitudinal Case Studies of Blended Immersive Learning in Practice C. Gallagher et al. https://doi.org/10.1155/hbe2/5495369
- Enhancing geoscience education through immersive virtual field trips: Student perspectives and implications for broadening participation M. Cook et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/10899995.2025.2537995
- Discerning the place for virtual outcrops in the geosciences G. Dolphin et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/10899995.2025.2597570
- Sustainable Development Goals and the Geosciences: A Review K. Senger https://doi.org/10.3389/esss.2024.10124
- Virtual field trips in hydrological field laboratories: The potential of virtual reality for conveying hydrological engineering content P. Grosser et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11434-5
- Virtual reality visualization of geophysical flows: A framework G. Alene et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2024.106063
- Integrando trabajos de campo virtuales y reales en geoeducación: perspectivas de experiencias realizadas en universidades francesas y españolas C. Leininger-Frézal et al. https://doi.org/10.3989/estgeogr.2025.1178
- Immersive and interactive three-dimensional virtual fieldwork: Assessing the student learning experience and value to improve inclusivity of geosciences degrees L. Guillaume et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/10899995.2023.2200361
- Learning and Teaching Geological Field Skills in a Virtual World: Insights From an Undergraduate Virtual Fieldtrip in Kinlochleven, Scotland M. Genge et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/esss.2024.10128
- QuickAware: a virtual reality tool for quick clay landslide hazard awareness G. Alene et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-023-06274-6
- The Mondot-1 Core, Aínsa Basin, Spanish Pyrenees: a deltaic reservoir teaching set with augmented reality J. Marshall et al. https://doi.org/10.1144/SP527-2022-6
- Navigating the terminological nuances of virtual field opportunities in the geosciences through multiple correspondence analysis E. Speir et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/10899995.2025.2475428
- Assessing motivations, benefits, and barriers of implementing virtual field experiences in geoscience-related disciplines T. Smith & K. McNeal https://doi.org/10.1080/10899995.2023.2258760
- Updated stratigraphy and structure of the Barmur Group (Tjörnes beds, Iceland) and implications for the opening of the Bering Strait M. Allison et al. https://doi.org/10.1144/SP553-2023-152
- Rocks Really Rock: electronic field trips via Web Google Earth can generate positive impacts in attitudes toward Earth sciences in middle- and high-school students C. Ortiz-Guerrero & J. Loizzo https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-7-101-2024
- Using immersive virtual reality to measure strike and dip and teach geological mapping concepts N. Bursztyn et al. https://doi.org/10.1144/esss2024-008
- Benchmarking Different SfM-MVS Photogrammetric and iOS LiDAR Acquisition Methods for the Digital Preservation of a Short-Lived Excavation: A Case Study from an Area of Sinkhole Related Subsidence A. Corradetti et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14205187
- Welcome to the field: A survey on practices in introductory geoscience field skills in the USA A. Shinneman https://doi.org/10.1080/10899995.2023.2243780
- Analysis of Geological Structure based on 3D Virtual Outcrop Model and Physical Properties of Rocks in Wringinanom District, Gresik Regency M. Nabhan et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1307/1/012024
- Acknowledging the Intersectionality of Geoscientists With Disabilities to Enhance Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility I. Castro & C. Atchison https://doi.org/10.3389/esss.2024.10081
- GC Insights: Designing for inquiry in virtual fieldwork R. Malm et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-9-139-2026
- Quantifying Virtual Field Trip Efficiency J. Pugsley et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41064-024-00321-y
- The importance of active-learning, student support, and peer teaching networks: A case study from the world’s longest COVID-19 lockdown in Melbourne, Australia S. McLaren et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/10899995.2023.2242071
25 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Virtual field trips: an analysis of their characteristics, elements, and approaches S. Sprenger et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/03098265.2025.2560326
- The implementation of a virtual field trip to aid geological interpretation within an undergraduate volcanology course A. Watson et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/10899995.2023.2279016
- Integrating Virtual Reality Into a Structural Geology Curriculum: Two Longitudinal Case Studies of Blended Immersive Learning in Practice C. Gallagher et al. https://doi.org/10.1155/hbe2/5495369
- Enhancing geoscience education through immersive virtual field trips: Student perspectives and implications for broadening participation M. Cook et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/10899995.2025.2537995
- Discerning the place for virtual outcrops in the geosciences G. Dolphin et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/10899995.2025.2597570
- Sustainable Development Goals and the Geosciences: A Review K. Senger https://doi.org/10.3389/esss.2024.10124
- Virtual field trips in hydrological field laboratories: The potential of virtual reality for conveying hydrological engineering content P. Grosser et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11434-5
- Virtual reality visualization of geophysical flows: A framework G. Alene et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2024.106063
- Integrando trabajos de campo virtuales y reales en geoeducación: perspectivas de experiencias realizadas en universidades francesas y españolas C. Leininger-Frézal et al. https://doi.org/10.3989/estgeogr.2025.1178
- Immersive and interactive three-dimensional virtual fieldwork: Assessing the student learning experience and value to improve inclusivity of geosciences degrees L. Guillaume et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/10899995.2023.2200361
- Learning and Teaching Geological Field Skills in a Virtual World: Insights From an Undergraduate Virtual Fieldtrip in Kinlochleven, Scotland M. Genge et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/esss.2024.10128
- QuickAware: a virtual reality tool for quick clay landslide hazard awareness G. Alene et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-023-06274-6
- The Mondot-1 Core, Aínsa Basin, Spanish Pyrenees: a deltaic reservoir teaching set with augmented reality J. Marshall et al. https://doi.org/10.1144/SP527-2022-6
- Navigating the terminological nuances of virtual field opportunities in the geosciences through multiple correspondence analysis E. Speir et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/10899995.2025.2475428
- Assessing motivations, benefits, and barriers of implementing virtual field experiences in geoscience-related disciplines T. Smith & K. McNeal https://doi.org/10.1080/10899995.2023.2258760
- Updated stratigraphy and structure of the Barmur Group (Tjörnes beds, Iceland) and implications for the opening of the Bering Strait M. Allison et al. https://doi.org/10.1144/SP553-2023-152
- Rocks Really Rock: electronic field trips via Web Google Earth can generate positive impacts in attitudes toward Earth sciences in middle- and high-school students C. Ortiz-Guerrero & J. Loizzo https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-7-101-2024
- Using immersive virtual reality to measure strike and dip and teach geological mapping concepts N. Bursztyn et al. https://doi.org/10.1144/esss2024-008
- Benchmarking Different SfM-MVS Photogrammetric and iOS LiDAR Acquisition Methods for the Digital Preservation of a Short-Lived Excavation: A Case Study from an Area of Sinkhole Related Subsidence A. Corradetti et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14205187
- Welcome to the field: A survey on practices in introductory geoscience field skills in the USA A. Shinneman https://doi.org/10.1080/10899995.2023.2243780
- Analysis of Geological Structure based on 3D Virtual Outcrop Model and Physical Properties of Rocks in Wringinanom District, Gresik Regency M. Nabhan et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1307/1/012024
- Acknowledging the Intersectionality of Geoscientists With Disabilities to Enhance Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility I. Castro & C. Atchison https://doi.org/10.3389/esss.2024.10081
- GC Insights: Designing for inquiry in virtual fieldwork R. Malm et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-9-139-2026
- Quantifying Virtual Field Trip Efficiency J. Pugsley et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41064-024-00321-y
- The importance of active-learning, student support, and peer teaching networks: A case study from the world’s longest COVID-19 lockdown in Melbourne, Australia S. McLaren et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/10899995.2023.2242071
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 03 Jun 2026
Short summary
Virtual field trips have become a crucial resource during the COVID-19 pandemic within geoscience education. This study presents a critical evaluation of their use, using real-world examples delivered to a masters-level class at the University of Aberdeen. Our work highlights several key findings which can be used to help plan virtual field trips and how associated disadvantages of their use can be mitigated through a blend of physical and virtual field trips.
Virtual field trips have become a crucial resource during the COVID-19 pandemic within...
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