Articles | Volume 8, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-8-319-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/gc-8-319-2025
Research article
 | 
21 Oct 2025
Research article |  | 21 Oct 2025

Evaluating the effectiveness of quantitative descriptions of Earth Science phenomena during outreach activities

Matteo Trolese, Alessandro Tadini, Laura Pieretti, Damiano Biagini, Spina Cianetti, Simone Colucci, Matteo Cerminara, Claudia D'Oriano, Chiara Montagna, Michele D'Ambrosio, Raffaello Pegna, Giuseppe Re, Francesco Sanseverino, Carlo Giunchi, Carlo Meletti, and Tomaso Esposti Ongaro

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This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (NHESS).
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Cited articles

Amato, A., Cugliari, L., Samperi, V., Funiciello, F., and De Filippis, L.: Tsunami at school: an experimental strategy to increase students' risk perception, J. Sci. Res., 12, 135–147, https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-9063, 2024. 
Bradburn, N. M., Sudman, S., and Wansink, B.: Asking questions: the definitive guide to questionnaire design – for market research, political polls, and social and health questionnaires, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 978-0-7879-7088-8, 2004. 
Brogi, F., Colucci, S., Matrone, J., Montagna, C. P., De' Michieli Vitturi, M., and Papale, P.: MagmaFOAM-1.0: a modular framework for the simulation of magmatic systems, Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 3773–3796, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-3773-2022, 2022. 
Budak, C., Nyhan, B., Rothschild, D. M., Thorson, E., and Watts, D. J.: Misunderstanding the harms of online misinformation, Nature, 630, 45–53, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07417-w, 2024. 
Cianetti, S., Giunchi, C., Capello, M., and Biagini, D.: Studiare i terremoti con un sismografo didattico, Miscellanea INGV, 58, 73–97, https://doi.org/10.13127/misc/58/5, 2021. 
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This study describes two hands-on outreach events: an interactive lesson for high-school students during European Researchers’ Night and a tsunami experiment at Lucca Comics & Games. Surveys showed both groups enjoyed the activities, boosted their grasp of geoscience ideas and grew more positive about science. The work emphasizes the effectiveness of quantitative experiment demonstrations and the need to adapt them to the audience, time available and clear educator coordination.
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